Paperman: The two big doors both lead to the firebox. The top door is the fill door. The lower of the 2 big doors has a small door within it. That big door is bolted shut most of the time (just a service entrance, so to speak). The small door is used to rake the coals around and just check on things at the bottom of the firebox. The lowest door is the combustion chamber and cleanout. If you think that's a lot of doors, wait until I get you a picture of the back of the stove!! Without looking, I think there are 5 cleanout doors back there as the heat exchanger weeves it's way up to the top of the stove. Really a very simple design. Maybe not the most efficient, but descent.
Your take on the air supply is correct. Feeds a smaller amount of air to the combustion chamber and more to the primary firebox. It is considered a gasser. It is not as efficient as my CB when that is running properly.